India is going through a temporary increase in the use of coal and kerosene as rising power demand and supply challenges put pressure on the country’s energy system. Government agencies and energy providers have turned to these traditional fuels in some regions to ensure uninterrupted electricity and cooking fuel supply, particularly during periods of peak demand.
Coal continues to be the backbone of electricity generation in India. Higher energy consumption driven by economic growth, industrial activity and adverse weather conditions has increased pressure on power generation capacity in recent months. Some states have relied more on coal-based power plants to maintain stable electricity supply.
Kerosene distribution has also seen a limited increase in certain areas where households still depend on it as a backup fuel, particularly during disruptions in cooking gas supply or power shortages.
Energy transition challenges
Energy analysts highlighted the renewed reliance on these fuels highlights the complexity of managing a large-scale energy transition in a rapidly growing economy.
“India’s energy demand continues to grow at a rapid pace, and maintaining reliable supply remains a priority,” said an energy policy analyst based in New Delhi. “In certain situations, traditional fuels like coal and kerosene can temporarily bridge supply gaps.”
A senior official from an energy distribution agency said the measures are intended as short-term responses. “The government remains committed to expanding cleaner energy sources, but ensuring uninterrupted energy supply during peak demand periods is essential,” the official said.
India has been working to reduce dependence on fossil fuels while expanding renewable energy capacity such as solar and wind power. However, coal still accounts for a significant share of electricity generation due to its availability and existing infrastructure.
The temporary rise in coal and kerosene use highlights the challenge policymakers face in balancing energy security with environmental goals. While these fuels help prevent supply disruptions, increased use may also raise concerns about emissions and air quality.
Experts expect the trend to remain temporary as India continues investing in renewable energy projects, grid upgrades and cleaner fuel infrastructure. Policymakers are likely to focus on expanding sustainable energy capacity while ensuring the country’s growing electricity demand is met reliably.
